Basic Client-Server configuration with OpenVPN

Created by Yuriy Andamasov, Modified on Wed, 17 Jan at 10:03 AM by Srividya Anantapatnaikuni

Article review date	2024-01-17
Validated for VyOS versions	1.2.5, 1.3.5

Introduction

In addition to site-to-site configuration, OpenVPN also supports a client-server model for VPNs. This mode is more popular than using it in site-to-site mode, and allows for multiple remote client connections to a single centralized server.

In this mode, you might have multiple configured sites connecting to a single centralized router. For instance, you may have several branch offices, as well as a central headquarter office with your central router. The central router can serve as the OpenVPN server, with the branch office routers acting as OpenVPN clients.

The use of server-client VPNs in OpenVPN requires X.509 certificates to be setup. If you do not have an existing PKI (Public Key Infrastructure), you may set up a simple one using this guide.

Configuration Example

Network Specifications

In our example configuration, we will be using the following layout and goals for our network:

Routers:

Three VyOS routers; one OpenVPN server, and two OpenVPN clients.
Server router: central-rtr, located at the central office.
First client router: branch1-rtr, located at the first branch.
Second client router: branch2-rtr, located at the second branch.

Networks and Addresses:

central-rtr has a public IP address of 203.0.113.2.
central-rtr has a private physical LAN that needs to be accessible through the client VPNs. The LAN's subnet is 192.168.0.0/24.
Both branch routers have dynamic public IP addresses.
The address range for the tunnel endpoints for clients will be in 10.23.1.0/24.
Each client will have a /24-size subnet assigned to it in the 10.23.0.0/16 range.
branch1-rtr will have the tunnel endpoint address of 10.23.1.10 and the subnet of 10.23.10.0/24 assigned to it.
branch2-rtr will have the endpoint address of 10.23.1.20 and the subnet of 10.23.20.0/24.

X.509 Certificate Information:

Root CN (Common Name): my-root-ca.
Server CN: central.
Server key name: server.key.
Branch 1 CN: branch1.
Branch 1 client key name: branch1.key.
Branch 2 CN: branch2.
Branch 2 client key name: branch2.key.

All above certs are signed against our root cert. The file locations for the relevant files will be in each of the routers at the path /config/auth/ovpn/

Configuring the Server

Firstly, we need to configure our central-rtr to act as our OpenVPN server.

In configuration mode, issue the following commands:

set interface openvpn vtun0 mode 'server'
set interface openvpn vtun0 server subnet 10.23.1.0/24
set interface openvpn vtun0 persistent-tunnel
set interface openvpn vtun0 protocol udp
set interface openvpn vtun0 tls ca-cert-file '/config/auth/ovpn/ca.crt'
set interface openvpn vtun0 tls cert-file '/config/auth/ovpn/server.crt'
set interface openvpn vtun0 tls dh-file '/config/auth/ovpn/dh1024.pem'
set interface openvpn vtun0 tls key-file '/config/auth/ovpn/server.key'

We also need to install a push-route to push the route of the server's LAN of 192.168.0.0/24 to the clients:

set interfaces openvpn vtun0 server push-route 192.168.0.0/24

Now we need to set each of the client's configuration options. Client names are identified by the CN field in their certs:

set interface openvpn vtun0 server client branch1 ip 10.23.1.10
set interface openvpn vtun0 server client branch1 subnet 10.23.10.0/24
set interface openvpn vtun0 server client branch2 ip 10.23.1.20
set interface openvpn vtun0 server client branch2 subnet 10.23.20.0/24

Configure the Clients

Now we need to configure the client routers. We'll again assume the proper certificate and key files have been moved to the /config/auth/ovpn/ directory on each client.

Branch 1's Router:

set interfaces openvpn vtun0 mode client
set interfaces openvpn vtun0 remote-host 203.0.113.2
set interfaces openvpn vtun0 tls ca-cert-file /config/auth/ovpn/ca.crt
set interfaces openvpn vtun0 tls cert-file /config/auth/ovpn/branch1.crt
set interfaces openvpn vtun0 tls key-file /config/auth/ovpn/branch1.key

We also need to set up a static route to our 10.23.0.0/16 subnet on each router, as OpenVPN does not install this route automatically:

set protocols static interface-route 10.23.0.0/16 next-hop-interface vtun0

Branch 2's Router:

set interfaces openvpn vtun0 mode client
set interfaces openvpn vtun0 remote-host 203.0.113.2
set interfaces openvpn vtun0 tls ca-cert-file /config/auth/ovpn/ca.crt
set interfaces openvpn vtun0 tls cert-file /config/auth/ovpn/branch2.crt
set interfaces openvpn vtun0 tls key-file /config/auth/ovpn/branch2.key
set protocols static interface-route 10.23.0.0/16 next-hop-interface vtun0